After the culmination of many tested core components, the STB-1 was completed in 1969. The STB-1 was the first of two development phases in the development of the Type 74. Despite its technical and rather unimposing name, the first phase was an ambitious and successful creation while the second phase was largely about taking a katana to the cost of the tank while improving endurance and reliability. The STB-1 is indeed an imposing tank and would be a very competitive tier 10 tank in World of Tanks.
经过一大波核心部件的测试，STB-1于1969年定型。74式有两个延伸阶段，STB-1就是第一阶段。尽管技术不算先进，名字也很挫，但是这依然是雄心勃勃而且成功的一步，而第二阶段更提高了耐用性和可靠性。STB-1确实是辆十分有气势的坦克，在wot10级车中会很有竞争力

Historical Background
In the early 1960s, in the mists of the cold war, European, American, and Soviet tanks were progressing from the M48, T-55, and Centurion 3 class of tanks to the M60, Leopard 1, T-62 class of tanks. The incapability of Japan’s Type 61 tank to match these newer tanks prompted a heated debate. They debated over either improving the Type 61 (Type 61 Kai) or designing an entirely new tank. Whichever the decision was going to be, the key feature would be a 105mm cannon. Japanese tank engineer Kondo pointed out that not only a 105mm cannon but also mobility, target acquisition, and rate of fire must all be good for the sake of combined arms operations. In 1965, the decision was made to design an entirely new tank which launched the STB program.
历史背景
60年代初期，世界笼罩在冷战迷雾之中，欧洲美国苏联，从M48，百夫长3，T55，发展到了M60，豹一，T62，日本当时装备的61式坦克完全没有招架之力，这引发了日本国内激烈的讨论。一方要求改进已有的61式坦克，另一方认为应该开发新车。不管是哪个方案，重点都在于换装105mm炮。
日本坦克设计师Kondo认为，不止105炮，机动性，索敌能力，射速，都必须以多兵种协作为前提。
65年争论有了结果，就是新坦克计划，STB

Naming Convention
In the code name STB, the ST represents tank. And the B represents the Type 74 development program. So in the case of the Type 61, its code was STA. The developers actually wrote it by separating it with a hyphen like ST-A and ST-B. “Tank A” and “Tank B” if you will. But when the tank entered the hands of the testers, they removed the hyphen for whatever reason, making just STA and STB. The number that comes after is the cordial number for the prototype vehicle. So the 1 in STB-1 indicates the first prototype vehicle. The STB-2 was virtually identical to the STB-1. Both were tested at the same time. After their success, the second phase began and consisted of the STB-3, STB-4, STB-5, and STB-6 prototypes.
关于名字
ST代表坦克，B是指74式发展型，而61式发展型就是STA。本来开发人员命名是带个连字符的，就是ST-B和ST-A，“坦克-A”“坦克-B”，后来不知为什么，坦克到了测试人员手里，就变成了STA和STB。然后在后面加上数字表示原型车编号，第一辆就是STB-1。STB-2和一号车是完全一样的。这两个车一起参加了第一轮测试，获得成功后，开发第二部分包括STB-3, STB-4, STB-5,和STB-6

A prototype turret was completed when the 105mm cannon was mounted on it in 1966.
66年把炮装到了原型炮塔上
In 1967 and 1968, aiming and turret rotation tests were carried out.
67到68年，瞄准和旋转系统进行了测试
A load assisting device was also introduced into the turret.
装填辅助设备也被装进了炮塔
This device maneuvered the rounds close to the breech of the cannon to enable the loader to reload faster.
这个东西可以帮助装填手提高装填速度

The ST-T alone weighed 21 tons but fully rigged, it weighed 35 tons.
Length was 6.64m, width was 3.06m, and height was 1.95m.
ST-T底盘自重21吨，满载35吨，长宽高为6.64,3.06,1.95

Top speed on roads was 51km/h. In August 1967, the 10ZF engine replaced the prototype engine.
The 105mm cannon was later loaded onto the ST-T hull and conducted firing test.
公路极速51公里每小时，67年8月，换上了10ZF发动机。稍后105炮装在ST-T上进行了测试

确实本子的坦克是太贵了，谁都受不了。真要符合历史，wot里本子4级车就得开始亏钱，10级车都得3000万一辆

数据
乘员：4
全长：9.423米
长：6.7米
宽度：3.18
高：2.25米
400MM±200mm的离地间隙（±液压气动悬挂系统）
履带宽度：550毫米
接地压力：0.86kg/cm2
重量：38吨
发动机：750 HP/2200rpm三菱10ZF-21WT
最高速度：53公里每小时
变速箱：三菱MT-57T（6进1反向）
每吨马力：18.95
炮塔转速：24°/秒（和豹1和M48一样）

装甲，
事实上，具体数据依旧是机密，但是通过照片，焊接点，可以大概推测出来
炮盾平均195mm，炮盾后面没有装甲
炮塔前: 120mm
炮塔侧面: 110mm
炮塔后面: 60mm
炮塔顶部: 40mm

炮塔侧面和后面也有可能是100mm但是实在没有数据
车身前上: 40mm75° 等效 155
前中: 80mm 65° 等效 189
首下: 80mm 55° 等效 139
侧面: 35mm
后面: 25mm

irepower
Primary Armament: Japanese modified Royal Ordnance 105mm L7 cannon.
APDS: British L28A1, not American M392 (all imported)
APFSDS: M735 (Starting from 1984)
HEAT: Type 91 (similar to M456)
HE: Type 75 HEP-T (Licensed M393 HEP)
The British L7A1 could penetrate 250 mm from 1,000 meters using L28A1, while the Japanese 105mm gun could only penetrate 240 mm. This means that 105mm Gun Rifled would have around 257 penetration in terms of WoT.
火力
主炮，日本修改版的英国 105mm L7
脱壳穿甲弹APDS: 英国 L28A1, 不是美国 M392 (这两种都有进口)
尾翼稳定脱穿APFSDS: M735 (1984年开始)
高爆反坦克弹HEAT: 91式 (类似于 M456)
高爆HE：75式HEP-T，（M393 HEP的许可生产型）
英国L7A1使用L28A1在1000米有250mm穿深，日本这个105是240mm，这就是说，wot中会有257mm穿深

50 rounds. 28 in the front hull, 7 below the turret basket floor, 9 in the turret rear, 6 besides the load assisting device.
一共50发，28发在车体前部，7在炮塔吊篮下面，9发在炮塔后部，6发在装弹机旁边

这里我要注解一下，装弹机和装弹辅助机不一样
自己提起炮弹，送到炮尾，推进去，这样算自动装弹机，可以减少一个装填手
辅助机是只管一部分，比如只提起来送到炮尾，由装填手推进炮膛
没有推入这个步骤，可以减少装弹设备的长度