回复：【王府英语】英语词汇、短语、句型、语法及历年高考真题解释

(2005湖北29)Her sister has becomea lawyer，_____ she wanted to be.
A. who B. that C. what D.which
答案：D
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，两句之间缺少连词，可判断空格处所填词应引导非限制性定语从句，且在定语从句中作to be的表语，指代先行词a lawyer，表示职业，故选用关系代词which。who指代人；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what只能引导名词性从句。
句意：她姐姐成了一名律师，这是她想要从事的职业。

(2005重庆32)Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003，_____ he studied very hard and was made chairman of the Students’ Union.
A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time
答案：A
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，两句之间缺少连词，可判断空格处所选词应引导非限制性定语从句，且在定语从句中作时间状语。定语从句的先行词是表示一个时间段的短语from 1999 to2003，用关系代词which来指代，故选A项during which time，表示“during that time”，意为“在此期间”。由于from 1999 to 2003和time之间不构成所属关系，故排除C项。
句意：从1999年到2003年马克是这所大学的学生。在此期间，他学习很用功并被选为学生会主席。

(2005山东30)He was educated at a local grammar school，_____ he went on to Cambridge.
A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this
答案：C
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，两句之间缺少连词，可判断后一句应为非限制性定语从句，故可排除B和D。根据句意，空格处所选词应表达“他在当地上了语法学校后”，故应选after which，which指代前面整个主句。关系代词that既不能引导非限制性定语从句，也不能用作介词宾语。
句意：他在当地的一家语法学校学习后上了剑桥大学。

(2005江苏32)The place_____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_____ the cross river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which;where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which
答案：C
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，第一空所选词应引导定语从句“the bridge is supposed to be built”。从句中不缺主谓宾语，缺少的是地点状语。其先行词为the place，故选at which，相当于at the place。第二空所选词应引导表语从句“the cross river traffic is the heaviest”，在从句中作地点状语，故选where。所以选C。
句意：这座桥应建在跨江交通最繁忙的地方。

(2005广东35)Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_____ people were eaten by the tiger.
A. that B. by which C. which D. in which
答案：D
解析：考查带介词的定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处所选词应引导定语从句。从句中不缺主谓宾语，缺少的是地点状语，可首先排除A、C两项。再从题意分析，空格处所选词应表示“在……情景中”，而不是表示“通过……”，因此用in which符合题意和语法要求。which指代先行词the scenes，in which相当于in the scenes。
句意：许多看过这部电影的人都不敢去森林，因为他们会想起电影中老虎吃人的场景。

(2005上海40)If a shop has chairs_____ women can park their men，women will spend more time in the shop.
A. that B. which C. when D.where
答案：D
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处所选词应引导定语从句。从句中不缺主谓宾语，缺少的是地点状语。其先行词为chairs，故空格处应选用关系副词where，相当于on/in the chairs。
句意：如果一个商店有椅子可供女士们安置她们的丈夫，她们就会有更多的时间在该商店购物了。

(2005天津13)Last month，part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods，from _____effects the people are still suffering.
A. that B. whose C. those D.what
答案：B
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，两句之间缺少连词，可判断空格处所填词应引导定语从句。其先行词为floods，与定语从句中主语effects之间是所属关系，故空格处应选用形容词性的关系代词whose。suffer from意为“遭受…的痛苦”。
句意：上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受了洪水的袭击，那里的人们现在仍深受其害。

(2005浙江2)Jim passed the driving test，_____surprised everybody in the office.
A. which B. that C. this D. it
答案：A
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，两句之间缺少连词，可判断后一句应为非限制性定语从句，故可排除B、C和D。空格处所选词应指代前面整个句子，且在定语从句中作主语，故选用关系代词which。关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句；this和it不可用于引导从句。
句意：吉姆通过了驾驶考试，这令办公室里的每个人都感到惊讶。

(2005湖南27)Frank’s dream was to have his own shop_____ to produce the workings of his own hands.
A. that B. in which C. by which D. how
答案：B
解析：考查带介词的定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处所选词应在其引导的动词不定式短语中表示地点。“介词+which+不定式”可作定语，其作用相当于定语从句。在此句中，which 指代shop，“在商店里”要用介词in。
句意：弗兰克的梦想就是拥有自己的商店，在商店里摆满自己亲手制作的工艺品。

(2011全国卷,32)They ______ have arrived at lunch time but their flight was delayed.
A. will B. can C. must D. should
答案：D
解析：考查情态动词。will have done将来某时刻前完成某事；can have done常用于疑问句或否定句，不用于肯定句（could have done既可以用于肯定句，又可以用于疑问句和否定句，表示过去可能做过某事，或表示本能够做而事实上没做某事）；must have done过去一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done过去本来应该做某事，而实际没做。根据“but their flight was delayed”可知他们本该到而没到，故选D。
句意：他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。

(2011全国卷II,8)If you ______smoke, please go outside.
A. can B. should C. must D. may
答案：C
解析：考查情态动词。can可以、能够；should应该、应当；must必须、一定、坚持要、非要；may可能、也许。根据句意选C。
句意：如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。

（2011北京卷,24）—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don’t worry. He ______ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not
答案：D
解析：考查情态动词。must not禁止、不允许；need not不需要、不必要；would not不会、不愿意；might not 可能不、或许没有。从答句中的“he wasn’t certain”说明他不能确定是否能来，因此使用不完全否定might not，故选D。
句意：——我不太喜欢詹姆士。你为何请了他？——别担心。他可能来不了。他说他还不能确定他的计划。

（2011北京卷,28）—Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
—I wish they ______ always late.
A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C.wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been
答案：A
解析：考查虚拟语气。wish引导的宾语从句需用虚拟语气。根据句中“always”可知是对一般情况的虚拟，谓语动词应该用一般过去时，故选A。
句意：——孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要被完全毁了。——但愿他们不要总是迟到。

（2011北京卷,30）Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying
答案：C
解析：考查虚拟语气。根据句中“then”可知，if引导的条件句是对过去的虚拟假设，因此谓语动词应该用过去完成时，故选C。
句意：或许当初我要是学了科学而不是文学，我现在就能给你更多的帮助了。

（2011天津卷,15）I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come
答案：D
解析：考查虚拟语气。根据“but I didn’t know”可知主句是对过去的虚拟，谓语动词应该用“should / would / could / might + have done”结构，故选D。
句意：我本可以尽早来的，但我不知道他们当时正在等我。