回复：【王府英语】英语词汇、短语、句型、语法及历年高考真题解释

【王府英语】【短语解释】make a comeback：复出；东山再起，卷土重来
While there she decided to make a comeback and went on to compete at the Sydney Olympic Games. 读书期间，她决定复出参加悉尼奥运会。【人教版教材•英语9选修•第1单元•第8页】
His fans were cheered by the announcement that the singer would make a comeback. 得知这位歌星将复出歌坛的消息后，他的歌迷们十分兴奋。
Michael Jordan made an unexpected comeback. 迈克尔•乔丹出人意料地重返篮坛。
The miniskirt made a comeback in the late 1980s. 迷你裙在20世纪80年代末期又再度流行。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语9选修•教师教学用书》和《朗文当代高级英语辞典•第4版》（外语教学与研究出版社）

【王府英语】【短语解释】set out：宣布，陈述，阐明；装饰，陈列，摆设
set out除了常见的意义“出发，开始”外，还有其它常见的意义：
①宣布，陈述，阐明
Soon Shackleton set out the framework for our life here. 不久沙克尔顿给我们这里的生活列出了规矩。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第1单元•第3页】
The reasons for my decision are set out in my report. 我在报告里逐项列出了做出该决定的原因。
He set out his plans for the department in his report. 他在报告中详细陈述了他对部门发展的计划。
He sets out his ideas clearly in this article. 在这篇文章中他清楚地表明了自己的思想。
②装饰，陈列，摆设
The wall was set out with pictures. 墙上装饰着图画。
They set out the pieces and begin playing chess. 他们摆出棋子，开始下棋。
Please set out the chairs for the meeting in rows of ten. 请把开会要用的椅子摆成十个一排。
The market traders began setting out their displays. 市场上的商贩开始摆出自己的商品。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》，《世纪版•新英汉词典》（上海译文出版社）和《朗文当代高级英语辞典•第4版》（外语教学与研究出版社）

【王府英语】【短语解释】red-letter：（日子）可纪念的，喜庆的
Today is a real red-letter day! 今天真是值得纪念的日子！【人教版教材•英语10选修•第3单元•第23页】
It was a red-letter day for us when Bill graduated from the university. 比尔从大学毕业的那天对于我们是个特别高兴的日子。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【王府英语】【词汇辨析】continually 和 continuously
continually：表示“一段时间内多次发生”，“时断时续”或“中断时间很短而又接连发生”
continuously：表示“连续不断地，不停歇地”
The telephone has been ringing continually in the office all morning. 整个早上办公室的电话铃声不断。
They are continually arguing；I have had enough. 他们老是争吵不休，我烦透了。
The telephone rang continuously for five minutes. 电话铃声连续响了五分钟。
It rained continuously for five days. 连续下了五天雨了。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【句型解释】Is it any wonder (that)…? “不奇怪，不足为奇”
Is it any wonder that I frown when your soldiers are continually drinking and fighting? 我皱眉有什么好奇怪的？你的卫兵老是酗酒斗殴。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第2单元•第18页】
With such talented players, is it any wonder they won? 他们拥有如此优秀的运动员，获胜也就不足为奇了。
Is it any wonder that he speaks good English after living in the US for many years? 他在美国生活了很多年，英语说得很好，这难道有什么好奇怪的吗？
With such careful preparation, is it any wonder that he won the first prize? 他做了如此精心的准备，获得一等奖一点也不奇怪。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【语法解释】表语
1．表语是由系动词引导的主语补足语，补充说明主语。常见的系动词有：
be, become, feel, grow, prove, smell, taste, appear, get, go, remain, sound, turn, look, seem, stay, keep
2．充当表语的成分有形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、词组、不定式、-ing形式、过去分词、从句等。
3．形容词作表语，一般用来修饰和说明主语，例如：
You don’t look well today. Are you sick?
4．有些形容词只能作表语，不能作定语，如：
afraid, asleep, ready, unable, alive, aware, glad, sorry, well, alone, sure
可以说“She felt glad.”但不能说 “a glad woman”。
5．名词或名词词组作表语，一般用来确定主语的性质，或者表达对主语的看法，例如：
He became a doctor.
Boys are boys.
He’s not the right man for the job.
She seemed an ideal wife for him.
6．可以接不定式的系动词有：be, appear, prove, seem, 例如：
The only aim was to get success.
She appears to have many beautiful dresses.
It proved to be much easier than we have thought.
【注】全文摘自《人教版教材•英语9选修•教师教学用书》

【语法解释】独立主格结构
1. 构成
名词（代词）+ 非限定性结构（现在分词、过去分词、不定式）
名词（代词）+ 形容词（或形容词词组）
名词（代词）+ 副词（或副词词组）
名词（代词）+ 介词短语
2. 意义
在意义上，名词或代词与后面的部分构成逻辑上的主谓关系，但在结构上独立，即与主句不存在句法上的必然联系。现在分词表示主动，逻辑主语发出动作；过去分词表示被动，逻辑主语承受动作；分词的完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
3.特点
①位置灵活，可置于主句前、主句末，或者主句中，常由逗号分开。
②一般充当状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
③往往修饰的是整个句子。
例句：
There being no rain, the crops died.
The problem being settled / solved, they were happy and relaxed.
The others not being present, Mr Darcy took the chance to propose marriage to Elizabeth.
His proposal being turned down, Mr Darcy hastily left the room.
The test being finished, we began our holiday.
The visit completed, we went home.
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
The meeting being over, everyone went out for a walk.
He came into the room, his ears red with cold.
He came out of the library, (with) a large book under his arm.
【注】全文摘自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】in want of：需要
Everyone knows that a single man with a fortune must be in want of a wife. 众所周知，凡是有财产的单身汉必定需要娶一位太太。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第5单元•第42页】
We are in want of a good leader. 我们需要一位好领导。
The school is in want of good teachers. 这个学校需要好老师。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】at length：终于，最终（at last, finally）
At length he asked, “And this is all the reply that I am to have! I might, perhaps, ask why I am refused so abruptly?” 终于，他问到：“这就是我得到的全部答案！也许我可以问一下，为什么我会被如此断然地拒绝？” 【人教版教材•英语10选修•第5单元•第47页】
At length the building was completed. 这个建筑终于完工了。
At length she changed her opinion about him and gave him her hand. 终于，她改变了自己对他的看法，并同意嫁给他。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】owe…to…：把……归功于……
David benefits from her truly generous nature, and owes his education, wealth and happiness to her care. 大卫得益于她真正慷慨大方的性格，在她的关心下，大卫受到了教育，获得了财富和幸福。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第5单元•第42页】
I owe what I am to my mother. 我能有今天，要感谢我的母亲。
He owes his wealth to hard work and good luck. 他的财富是靠他的勤劳和幸运得来。
He owed his recovery to the help from a man he had never met. 他的康复多亏了一个素不相识的人的帮忙。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】prohibit sb from doing sth：禁止某人做某事
Dr King encourages us to fight against this unfair system which prohibits us blacks from sitting where we like. 金博士鼓励我们同这个禁止我们黑人随意就坐的不公正的制度作斗争。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第3单元•第22页】
Traffic regulations prohibit us from riding bicycles on the sidewalk. 交通法规禁止我们在人行道上骑自行车。
The guard came over and prohibited us from entering the theatre. 警卫走过来阻止我们进入剧院。
His small size prohibits him from becoming a basketball player. 他由于个子小无法成为一个篮球运动员。
His poor eyesight prohibited him from becoming a pilot. 他因视力弱而不能当飞行员。
与之相似的动词用法还有prevent…from, stop…from, keep…from等。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语10选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】no more than：只有，仅仅（=only，说明数目小）
There are no more than a handful of shark attacks each year and only three deaths have been reported in the last five years. 每年仅有少量的鲨鱼袭人事件，而且在过去的五年中，只有三例死亡报道。【人教版教材•英语9选修•第3单元•第28页】
I have no more than 10 yuan with me. 我身上只有十块钱。
It’s no more than a guess. 这仅仅只是猜测而已。
比较：no fewer than 和 no less than 都可以表示“多达”(as many as，表示数目大) ，和no more than 的意思正好相反。如：
No fewer than five hundred people attended the lecture on health. 多达五百人参加了这次关于健康的讲座。
There were no less than a thousand people there buying tickets. 在那儿买票的人至少有1000人。
a handful of：一撮，一把，少数。如：
She invited many friends to her party, but only a handful of them turned up. 她邀请了许多朋友来参加聚会，但到场的只有少数几个人。
【注】以上例句选自《人教版教材•英语9选修•教师教学用书》

【短语解释】stand out：显眼，突出；出色，杰出，脱颖而出
Among them Charles Dickens(1812-1870) stands out as a literary critic of the injustices of his society. 在这些作家中，查尔斯•狄更斯（1812-1870）作为社会不公正问题文学批评家是最为出众的。【人教版教材•英语10选修•第5单元•第42页】
The outlines of rooftops and chimneys stood out against the pale sky. 屋顶和烟囱的轮廓在灰暗的天空下显得很醒目。
She always stood out in a crowd. 她在人群中总是显得很突出。
I am sure illnesses stand out in all childhood memories. 我敢肯定，在所有的儿时记忆中，对生病的记忆是很清晰的。
That day still stands out as the greatest day in my life. 那天仍是我一生中最美好的日子。
Three of the cars we tested stood out among the rest. 我们测试的汽车中有三辆比其他的要出色。
【注】以上例句选自《朗文当代高级英语辞典•第4版》（外语教学与研究出版社）

【短语解释】in vain：徒然，徒劳，无结果，白白地
In vain have I struggled! It will not do. 我怎么挣扎都不行，不管用！【人教版教材•英语10选修•第5单元•第47页】
Police searched in vain for the missing gunman. 警方搜寻失踪的持枪歹徒，但毫无结果。
Altman swore that his son’s death would not be in vain. 奥尔特曼发誓他的儿子不会白死。
Our efforts were not in vain. 我们的气力没有白费。
【注】以上例句选自《朗文当代高级英语辞典•第4版》（外语教学与研究出版社）和《世纪版••新英汉词典》（上海译文出版社）

【短语辨析】used to do，be/get used to doing，be used to do
used to do something：过去常常做某事
be/get used to doing something：习惯于做某事
be used to do something：被用来做某事
We used to keep in touch with each other by writing letters. 我们过去常写信联系对方。
I’m used to reading stories to my daughter every night and she enjoys it. 我习惯了每天给女儿讲故事，她也非常喜欢这样做。
Wood can be used to make furniture. 木头能用来做家具。
used to可用于there be句型中成为There used to be … 过去曾经有。例如：
There used to be a temple at the place where our school stands now. 在我们学校所在之处过去有一座庙。
【注】全文摘自《人教版教材•英语2必修•教师教学用书》