The theory of evolution, proposed by Charles Darwin, postulates that all species on earth have descended from common ancestors through natural selection. Human evolution is a fascinating area of study that traces our origins from ancient primates to modern humans.Millions of years ago, our ancestors were猿类, creatures with large brains and efficient grasping hands. They lived in forests and had a degree of social organization. As environmental pressures mounted, vital changes occurred. These apes became more upright and better runners, their hands evolved to hold weapons, and their brains developed complex cognitive abilities.The transition from猿类to early hominids like Australopithecus was gradual. Australopithecus, also known as "南方古猿," lived around 4 to 2 million years ago and is considered a key species in human evolution. They were bipedal, meaning they walked on two legs, which freed their hands for tool use.Next came Homo habilis, "能人," who lived about 2.5 to 1.5 million years ago. These early humans were the first to make and use stone tools, marking a significant advancement in cognitive and technological development. Following them was Homo erectus, "直立人," who lived from 1.8 million to 70,000 years ago. Homo erectus had a more modern body structure and was capable of long-distance migrations, spreading across different regions of the world.Later, around 300,000 years ago, Homo sapiens, modern humans, emerged in Africa. Our species developed advanced language, complex social structures, and sophisticated technology. We eventually spread to all habitable regions of the earth, replacing other hominid populations.The fossil record and genetic evidence support the evolutionary journey from猿类to modern humans. Studies of DNA have revealed that humans share a close genetic relationship with chimpanzees, our nearest living relatives.