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我记得有个视频是一母豹子眼睁睁看着鬣狗把它孩子杀了
Bicycle Crossing male leopard- 21 April 2009
This ever-popular leopard was located rather early on this afternoon just to the south of the new airstrip, where he was doing a bit of territory management by scent marking on nearby bushes, and scuffing up the dirt with his paws. He then continued like this for some time, and started to drift further eastwards towards the Sand River. Just five minutes later, he caught the scent of a kill that was made by an unidentified female leopard that same morning. The carcass was dragged across the road and into some long grass, where she then fed off it. During the course of the day, two hyenas arrived at the scene and stole the carcass from the leopard – they subsequently chased her away from the area completely. Now clearly the Bicycle Crossing male smelled the blood which immediately sent him into a search of the area for whatever remained of the meat - so he could get a free lunch. He followed the scent trail through the bushes for a good ten minutes until he happened on the two hyenas that were guarding the carcass. He boldly ran in and chased the first hyena off - growling and swatting at the unsuspecting animal. But he didn’t see the second one, which teamed up with the first scavenger, and proceeded to chase the leopard around. He then paused for a few minutes and tried again - only to be denied a second time. Meanwhile, all the noise and commotion attracted two more hyenas into the area. These two fought with the first two for the remains of the carcass. The carcass was torn apart into many pieces, and the hyenas holding them scattered in all directions. The Bicycle Crossing male leopard wisely gave up soon after, and continued on his territorial campaign.
挺精彩的一个案例。两只斑鬣和豹子对峙的。本来是豹子闻到了猎物的气味打算去吃，然后看到了一只斑鬣狗后开始对其进行威胁，但是没看到第二只，第二只随后和第一只斑鬣狗组成一队一起追赶豹子。豹子停顿了一会后再试了一次然后被拒绝第二次。与此同时斑鬣狗和豹子的声音吸引了另外两只斑鬣狗过来，豹子放弃。
This ever-popular leopard was located rather early on this afternoon just to the south of the new airstrip, where he was doing a bit of territory management by scent marking on nearby bushes, and scuffing up the dirt with his paws. He then continued like this for some time, and started to drift further eastwards towards the Sand River. Just five minutes later, he caught the scent of a kill that was made by an unidentified female leopard that same morning. The carcass was dragged across the road and into some long grass, where she then fed off it. During the course of the day, two hyenas arrived at the scene and stole the carcass from the leopard – they subsequently chased her away from the area completely. Now clearly the Bicycle Crossing male smelled the blood which immediately sent him into a search of the area for whatever remained of the meat - so he could get a free lunch. He followed the scent trail through the bushes for a good ten minutes until he happened on the two hyenas that were guarding the carcass. He boldly ran in and chased the first hyena off - growling and swatting at the unsuspecting animal. But he didn’t see the second one, which teamed up with the first scavenger, and proceeded to chase the leopard around. He then paused for a few minutes and tried again - only to be denied a second time. Meanwhile, all the noise and commotion attracted two more hyenas into the area. These two fought with the first two for the remains of the carcass. The carcass was torn apart into many pieces, and the hyenas holding them scattered in all directions. The Bicycle Crossing male leopard wisely gave up soon after, and continued on his territorial campaign.
挺精彩的一个案例。两只斑鬣和豹子对峙的。本来是豹子闻到了猎物的气味打算去吃，然后看到了一只斑鬣狗后开始对其进行威胁，但是没看到第二只，第二只随后和第一只斑鬣狗组成一队一起追赶豹子。豹子停顿了一会后再试了一次然后被拒绝第二次。与此同时斑鬣狗和豹子的声音吸引了另外两只斑鬣狗过来，豹子放弃。
Emsagwen male leopard - 13 July 2009
This active male leopard has been pushing into the Manyelethi male’s territory more and more of late. He was found near lower Mlowathi Crossing and then proceeded to drink before finding a comfortable spot in the shade to rest for the hot part of the day. Later he got up, and even though he was well fed, proceeded down the eastern bank of the river and stalked some impala. However, a hyena then came into the area and not only chased off the impala, but also tried to chase the Emsagwen male. He did not stand for this, and after a quick skirmish he sent the hyaena off with a bruised ego.
花豹在捕猎过程中猎物被斑鬣狗驱散，花豹无法忍受此件事情便开始驱逐斑鬣狗
Matshipiri female leopard and son – 21 January 2010
These two leopards were found heading south along the Matshipiri River. We thought that the Matshipiri female was leading her son to a kill, as she did not stop to scent mark. The son had also been seen several times in the last two weeks up at Matshipiri dam by himself. Also in the area trailing them was a female hyena. The hyena did make things uncomfortable, as on two occasions the hyaena came too close and the Matshipiri female climbed the closest tree - snarling and hissing - while her son waited patiently at the base for his mother to settle down. He is now a lot bigger then his mother, and did not seem worried about the hyena and how close it was getting.花豹母子，雌花豹和一只大崽子（亚成年，比他 妈妈大）
出去狩猎的时候母子两被雌性斑鬣狗尾随，母亲爬上了树，儿子呆在树下等，而且原文明确表明儿子不怕斑鬣狗。
从这里看得出来雌雄花豹面对斑鬣狗的差距。
This active male leopard has been pushing into the Manyelethi male’s territory more and more of late. He was found near lower Mlowathi Crossing and then proceeded to drink before finding a comfortable spot in the shade to rest for the hot part of the day. Later he got up, and even though he was well fed, proceeded down the eastern bank of the river and stalked some impala. However, a hyena then came into the area and not only chased off the impala, but also tried to chase the Emsagwen male. He did not stand for this, and after a quick skirmish he sent the hyaena off with a bruised ego.
花豹在捕猎过程中猎物被斑鬣狗驱散，花豹无法忍受此件事情便开始驱逐斑鬣狗
Matshipiri female leopard and son – 21 January 2010
These two leopards were found heading south along the Matshipiri River. We thought that the Matshipiri female was leading her son to a kill, as she did not stop to scent mark. The son had also been seen several times in the last two weeks up at Matshipiri dam by himself. Also in the area trailing them was a female hyena. The hyena did make things uncomfortable, as on two occasions the hyaena came too close and the Matshipiri female climbed the closest tree - snarling and hissing - while her son waited patiently at the base for his mother to settle down. He is now a lot bigger then his mother, and did not seem worried about the hyena and how close it was getting.花豹母子，雌花豹和一只大崽子（亚成年，比他 妈妈大）
出去狩猎的时候母子两被雌性斑鬣狗尾随，母亲爬上了树，儿子呆在树下等，而且原文明确表明儿子不怕斑鬣狗。
从这里看得出来雌雄花豹面对斑鬣狗的差距。
2008 son of the Kikilezi female and son of the Dudley female- 27 January
It was not clear as to which leopard made the kill but when rangers arrived on the scene there were the two leopards having a stand off with the carcass of an impala close by. A fight between two leopards can sometimes be a long process with the two parties just growling at one another and sizing each opponent up. The noise of the two leopards growling attracted the attention of four hyena who must have been close by in the area. The leopards been distracted by one another had no chance to fight off the hyenas who quickly stole the impala carcass and between the four of them shredded the carcass into pieces and ran off with their share. Thus leaving the squabbling leopards to themselves, never the less the two young leopards had a go at each other for a brief moment with tooth and claw. Their was no clear victor as when the fight broke up both leopards retreated away from one each and went their separate ways
两豹子争抢食物的时候被四只斑鬣狗发现，豹子被驱赶。
It was not clear as to which leopard made the kill but when rangers arrived on the scene there were the two leopards having a stand off with the carcass of an impala close by. A fight between two leopards can sometimes be a long process with the two parties just growling at one another and sizing each opponent up. The noise of the two leopards growling attracted the attention of four hyena who must have been close by in the area. The leopards been distracted by one another had no chance to fight off the hyenas who quickly stole the impala carcass and between the four of them shredded the carcass into pieces and ran off with their share. Thus leaving the squabbling leopards to themselves, never the less the two young leopards had a go at each other for a brief moment with tooth and claw. Their was no clear victor as when the fight broke up both leopards retreated away from one each and went their separate ways
两豹子争抢食物的时候被四只斑鬣狗发现，豹子被驱赶。
Son of the Dudley female and Daughter of the Ngoboswan female leopards – 3 – 4 May 2010
The following morning we found the Daughter of the Ngoboswan female walking south on western side Matshipiri (towards West Street bridge) when something caught her eye to the east. She stalked around and did a full circle - all the while being very watchful. When she returned to the road she looked up into a big leadwood tree. In the tree was about 10% of an adult female nyala. She did not however approach the tree, but continued to look east at something. Then out of the thickets the Son of the Dudley female arrived. The female did not show interest in him, and slowly moved out of the area. The Son of the Dudley female was also hesitant and was looking east, ever watchful. He did scent mark in the area before lying down - not too far off of the tree with the kill. With both leopards having been seen hunting the evening before, it was unlikely that the carcass was either of theirs - especially with only 10% being left. As the morning wore on, the temptation was too great for the young male and he moved towards the tree. Almost as if planned, the daughter of the Ngoboswan female also made her way into the area. The two leopards snarled at each other, and a standoff ensued as the two young cats hissed and growled at each other. This attracted the attention of a hyena in the area, and now all three were watching each other. The hyena, however, needed one of the leopards as he could not get to the kill by climbing the tree. Size counts in the animal kingdom. The young male leopard was the victor. As the female moved off, he climbed the tree to get a taste of what he had been looking at all morning. But his inexperience showed once more when he tried to reposition the kill and it fell to the ground. He tried to put up a fight, but the much stronger and more experienced hyena ran off with the prize - leaving both leopards with nothing.
过程有点复杂，还是翻一下
第二天早上，我们发现Ngoboswan母豹的女儿在西边的Matshipiri(向西街大桥走去)向南走的时候，东边有什么东西引起了她的注意。她朝四周看着，一边看一边走地走了一圈——一直都很警惕。当她回到路上时，她抬头看到一棵大铅树（ps多半翻译问题，我也不知道这啥树）。树上有一只林羚尸体。她没有走近那棵树，而是继续朝东看什么东西。这时，达力母豹的儿子从灌木丛中出来了。母豹没有表现出对它的兴趣，慢慢地离开了这个区域。达德利母豹的儿子也犹豫了，一直在东张西望，警惕着。在躺下之前，他确实在这片区域留下了气味痕迹——离那棵带着尸体的树不远。由于头天晚上有人看到两只豹子都在猎食，尸体不太可能是它们中的任何一只留下来的猎物——尤其是那尸体只剩下百分之10。随着时间的流逝，这只年轻的雄豹受到了太大的诱惑，他向那棵树走去。几乎就像计划好的一样，Ngoboswan雌豹的女儿也进入了该地区。两只豹子互相怒吼着，当两只小猫互相嘶嘶叫着咆哮着的时候，对峙就发生了。这引起了该地区一只鬣狗的注意，现在这三只动物都在互相注视着。然而，鬣狗需要一只豹子（ps也就是让豹子把猎物弄下来然后鬣狗来抢，莫非护林员知道鬣狗心里活动？不过这多半是护林员猜测了，而且斑鬣狗的确需要），因为他不能爬上树去抓去猎物。在动物王国里，体型很重要。年轻的雄豹是胜利者（ps从上下文推断这里应该是说雌豹和雄豹之间雄豹留下雌豹离开）。雌豹离开时，他爬上了树，想尝尝整个上午他一直在看的东西。但当猎物从树上掉了下来。（ps这里应该是猎物从树上跌下来后，鬣狗和豹子中间开始了摩擦）他试图反抗，但更强壮、更有经验的鬣狗拿着奖品跑掉了——两只豹子什么也没留下。
The following morning we found the Daughter of the Ngoboswan female walking south on western side Matshipiri (towards West Street bridge) when something caught her eye to the east. She stalked around and did a full circle - all the while being very watchful. When she returned to the road she looked up into a big leadwood tree. In the tree was about 10% of an adult female nyala. She did not however approach the tree, but continued to look east at something. Then out of the thickets the Son of the Dudley female arrived. The female did not show interest in him, and slowly moved out of the area. The Son of the Dudley female was also hesitant and was looking east, ever watchful. He did scent mark in the area before lying down - not too far off of the tree with the kill. With both leopards having been seen hunting the evening before, it was unlikely that the carcass was either of theirs - especially with only 10% being left. As the morning wore on, the temptation was too great for the young male and he moved towards the tree. Almost as if planned, the daughter of the Ngoboswan female also made her way into the area. The two leopards snarled at each other, and a standoff ensued as the two young cats hissed and growled at each other. This attracted the attention of a hyena in the area, and now all three were watching each other. The hyena, however, needed one of the leopards as he could not get to the kill by climbing the tree. Size counts in the animal kingdom. The young male leopard was the victor. As the female moved off, he climbed the tree to get a taste of what he had been looking at all morning. But his inexperience showed once more when he tried to reposition the kill and it fell to the ground. He tried to put up a fight, but the much stronger and more experienced hyena ran off with the prize - leaving both leopards with nothing.
过程有点复杂，还是翻一下
第二天早上，我们发现Ngoboswan母豹的女儿在西边的Matshipiri(向西街大桥走去)向南走的时候，东边有什么东西引起了她的注意。她朝四周看着，一边看一边走地走了一圈——一直都很警惕。当她回到路上时，她抬头看到一棵大铅树（ps多半翻译问题，我也不知道这啥树）。树上有一只林羚尸体。她没有走近那棵树，而是继续朝东看什么东西。这时，达力母豹的儿子从灌木丛中出来了。母豹没有表现出对它的兴趣，慢慢地离开了这个区域。达德利母豹的儿子也犹豫了，一直在东张西望，警惕着。在躺下之前，他确实在这片区域留下了气味痕迹——离那棵带着尸体的树不远。由于头天晚上有人看到两只豹子都在猎食，尸体不太可能是它们中的任何一只留下来的猎物——尤其是那尸体只剩下百分之10。随着时间的流逝，这只年轻的雄豹受到了太大的诱惑，他向那棵树走去。几乎就像计划好的一样，Ngoboswan雌豹的女儿也进入了该地区。两只豹子互相怒吼着，当两只小猫互相嘶嘶叫着咆哮着的时候，对峙就发生了。这引起了该地区一只鬣狗的注意，现在这三只动物都在互相注视着。然而，鬣狗需要一只豹子（ps也就是让豹子把猎物弄下来然后鬣狗来抢，莫非护林员知道鬣狗心里活动？不过这多半是护林员猜测了，而且斑鬣狗的确需要），因为他不能爬上树去抓去猎物。在动物王国里，体型很重要。年轻的雄豹是胜利者（ps从上下文推断这里应该是说雌豹和雄豹之间雄豹留下雌豹离开）。雌豹离开时，他爬上了树，想尝尝整个上午他一直在看的东西。但当猎物从树上掉了下来。（ps这里应该是猎物从树上跌下来后，鬣狗和豹子中间开始了摩擦）他试图反抗，但更强壮、更有经验的鬣狗拿着奖品跑掉了——两只豹子什么也没留下。
或许会有人觉得楼上这些新闻性质的记录说服力还欠佳，好，那么接下来来看科考记录和一些专家对待斑鬣狗和豹子的看法。
卢克亨特的The Quintessential Cat
Other carnivores are also fair game to leopards. While lions may invest a great deal of energy in killing fellow predators, their motivation seems more to eliminate competition than to acquire food, and they frequently leave such kills untouched. Leopards, however, have been recorded killing and eating everything from dwarf mongooses to adult spotted hyaenas. One well-observed Ngorongoro Crater leopard killed and ate 11 jackals in less than a month, which suggests that small canids may be preferred prey when abundant, and there is considerable truth in the belief that leopards are partial to dogs. Such unusual preferences may vary from region to region. In arid north-eastern Namibia, researcher Flip Stander discovered adult cheetahs were sometimes killed as prey by leopards, a remarkable occurrence also recently observed by tourists in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park in South Africa. Yet in the comparitively lush bushveld of northern KwaZulu-Natal, I saw three cases of leopards killing cheetahs and leaving the carcasses untouched. Perhaps where the density of more 'typical' prey species is low - such as in desert regions - leopards cannot afford to be choosy and are more likely to eat the meat of other predators.
这里提到了豹子会杀死而且吃掉成年斑鬣狗。而且说狮子对和豹子对待其他掠食者的态度非常不同。狮子似乎只是消除竞争对手，很少去吃那些其他食肉动物，而豹子的心思并不是这么单纯。
卢克亨特的The Quintessential Cat
Other carnivores are also fair game to leopards. While lions may invest a great deal of energy in killing fellow predators, their motivation seems more to eliminate competition than to acquire food, and they frequently leave such kills untouched. Leopards, however, have been recorded killing and eating everything from dwarf mongooses to adult spotted hyaenas. One well-observed Ngorongoro Crater leopard killed and ate 11 jackals in less than a month, which suggests that small canids may be preferred prey when abundant, and there is considerable truth in the belief that leopards are partial to dogs. Such unusual preferences may vary from region to region. In arid north-eastern Namibia, researcher Flip Stander discovered adult cheetahs were sometimes killed as prey by leopards, a remarkable occurrence also recently observed by tourists in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park in South Africa. Yet in the comparitively lush bushveld of northern KwaZulu-Natal, I saw three cases of leopards killing cheetahs and leaving the carcasses untouched. Perhaps where the density of more 'typical' prey species is low - such as in desert regions - leopards cannot afford to be choosy and are more likely to eat the meat of other predators.
这里提到了豹子会杀死而且吃掉成年斑鬣狗。而且说狮子对和豹子对待其他掠食者的态度非常不同。狮子似乎只是消除竞争对手，很少去吃那些其他食肉动物，而豹子的心思并不是这么单纯。
书名字叫 The African Leopard: Ecology and Behavior of a Solitary Felid。事件就是大家耳熟能详的鬣狗杀手m23，一共杀死过两只斑鬣狗。（一只亚成年，一只未知），还有一次是驱逐了在吃疣猪的两条斑鬣狗。
这里有个半学术性概述的一份文献，文献作者是Peter Turnbull-Kemp，文献名叫做“The Leopard"（他本人是一个保护区管理员，在非洲很多地方工作过，主要是非洲南部，但是他貌似对豹子的体型提供了很多测量而且测量方式还挺有经验，比较care胃容物的那种）
Peter Turnbull-Kemp, an experienced game warden who had experience observing leopards and other wildlife throughout Africa but primarily southern Africa seems to suggest leopards are perfectly able to defend kills from lone hyenas.
他在书里面说豹子能够抵御单只斑鬣狗。
Peter Turnbull-Kemp, an experienced game warden who had experience observing leopards and other wildlife throughout Africa but primarily southern Africa seems to suggest leopards are perfectly able to defend kills from lone hyenas.
他在书里面说豹子能够抵御单只斑鬣狗。
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