马其顿(/ˌmæsɪˈdoʊniə/(关于这个声音听))或马其顿王国(/ˈmæsɪˌdɒn /;希腊:Μακεδονία,马古:[͜akedoni。͜],Makedonia)是一个古代王国的外围陈旧和古典希腊,[4],后来希腊化时代的希腊的主要国家。[5]王国成立，最初由皇家阿格德王朝统治，之后是安提帕德和安提冈尼王朝。古马其顿人的家乡，最早的王国集中在希腊半岛的东北部，[6]，由伊庇鲁斯(Epirus)向西，北至帕埃尼亚(Paeonia)，东至西拉斯(Thrace)。

Before the 4th century BC, Macedonia was a small kingdom outside of the area dominated by the great city-states of Athens, Sparta, and Thebes, and briefly subordinate to Achaemenid Persia.[3] During the reign of the Argead king Philip II (359–336 BC), Macedonia subdued mainland Greece and Thrace through conquest and diplomacy.

公元前4世纪之前，马其顿王国是一个小王国，在雅典、斯巴达和底比斯等城邦统治的地区之外，短暂地隶属于阿契美尼德波斯。[3]在国王菲利普二世(公元前359-336年)统治期间，马其顿征服了希腊大陆，征服了希腊，征服了外交。

（放上马其顿帝国的版图）

With a reformed army containing phalanxes wielding the sarissa pike, Philip II defeated the old powers of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC; Sparta was occupied a century later by Antigonus III Doson. Philip II's son Alexander the Great, leading a federation of Greek states, accomplished his father's objective of commanding the whole of Greece when he destroyed Thebes after the city revolted.

公元前338年，菲利普二世率领一支经过改革的军队，手中挥舞着萨瑞萨长矛，打败了雅典和底比斯的旧势力;斯巴达在一个世纪后被安提冈尼三世所占领。菲利普二世的儿子亚历山大大帝，领导着一个希腊国家联盟，完成了他父亲在城市起义后摧毁了底比斯的整个希腊的目标。

公元前338年，菲利普二世率领一支经过改革的军队，手中挥舞着萨瑞萨长矛，打败了雅典和底比斯的旧势力;斯巴达在一个世纪后被安提冈尼三世所占领。菲利普二世的儿子亚历山大大帝，领导着一个希腊国家联盟，完成了他父亲在城市起义后摧毁了底比斯的整个希腊的目标。

During Alexander's subsequent campaign of conquest, he overthrew the Achaemenid Empire and conquered territory that stretched as far as the Indus River. For a brief period, his Macedonian empire was the most powerful in the world – the definitive Hellenistic state, inaugurating the transition to a new period of Ancient Greek civilization.

在亚历山大后来的征服战役中，他推翻了阿契美尼德帝国，征服了延伸至印度河的领土。在一个短暂的时期内，他的马其顿帝国是世界上最强大的国家- - - - -最终的希腊化的国家，开始了向新时期的古希腊文明的过渡。

Greek arts and literature flourished in the new conquered lands and advances in philosophy, engineering, and science spread throughout much of the ancient world. Of particular importance were the contributions of Aristotle, tutor to Alexander, whose writings became a keystone of Western philosophy.

在新征服的土地上，希腊艺术和文学蓬勃发展，哲学、工程和科学的进步传遍了整个古代世界。尤其重要的是亚里士多德的贡献，亚历山大的导师，他的著作成为西方哲学的基石。

公元前323年，亚历山大死后，在随后的战争中，亚历山大短暂的帝国，马其顿仍然是一个希腊文化和政治中心，在地中海地区，与托勒密王朝，塞琉西王朝，以及佩加蒙王国。

Macedonia's decline began with the Macedonian Wars and the rise of Rome as the leading Mediterranean power. At the end of the Third Macedonian War in 168 BC, the Macedonian monarchy was abolished and replaced by Roman client states. A short-lived revival of the monarchy during the Fourth Macedonian War in 150–148 BC ended with the establishment of the Roman province of Macedonia.

马其顿的衰落始于马其顿战争和罗马崛起为地中海强国。在公元前168年的第三次马其顿战争结束时，马其顿王国被废除，取而代之的是罗马的附属国。在公元前150-148年的第四次马其顿战争中，君主政体的短暂复兴结束了罗马的马其顿王国的建立。