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Working Order 制作顺序
1. Measure and draw out the design.
Accuracy when measuring lengths and angles is very important to create mechanisms which move and fold away cleanly.
测量并绘制设计图。
测量长度和角度时的精度对于创建有规律的移动和折叠的机制非常重要。
2. Score all the fold lines.
Scoring makes for a much sharper and more accurate fold. It is easiest to do this before the individual pieces are cut out.
加深所有的折线。
折痕越清晰越好，在被裁切之前这时最容易做到的一点。
3. Cut out the pop-up pieces.
剪出所有的配件。
4. Having scored and cut out the pop-up piece, fold it along each crease and firmly run your finger nail along each fold. Then fold it back on itself and do the same thing again. The more thoroughly creased and easily folding the better. The fold is the hinge of the mechanism. Creasing it well is like oiling a hinge.
在2&3之后，沿着每个折痕折叠它，并沿着每一个折痕用指甲加深，然后把它复原并再次做一遍同样的事情。折皱越深越容易折叠好，折痕是整个机制的枢纽，好的折痕就像一个铰链，它们紧密相连。
5. Think before you glue. Sometimes flaps become inaccessible as the construction builds up. Where this may be a difficulty the gluing order is explained.
在使用胶水之前仔细思考。有时，随着结构的成形，一些黏贴板块就碰不到了。为了避免产生这种问题，黏贴的顺序是非常重要的。
6. When a mechanism uses several pieces , it is best to close the base and press it firmly after each new piece is glued on. If you leave it until the mechanism is complete, it may develop unwanted creases.
当基座需要黏贴多个板块，最好的做法就是每粘合一个板块后闭合并按压直至牢固，然后再开始黏贴下一个板块。如果在完成整个黏贴之前就中途离开的话，最终可能会产生不必要的折痕。
It is normal to glue all the gluing tabs on each pop-up piece to the base before the base is folded shut. However there is another method which is very effctive.
通常，将所有的黏贴板块都黏上胶水，黏在基座上，然后折叠起来是正常的。但是，还有另一种更加有效的方法。
1. Put glue on the flap and stick it to the base.
将胶水涂在黏贴板块上，并将其粘在基座。
2. Fold the pop-up piece into its closed position then put glue on the other flap.
将黏贴板块折叠到关闭位置，然后将胶水放在另一个黏贴板块上。
3. Close the base, The second flap then finds its natural sticking position.
合上基座，第二个黏贴板块自然就会黏贴在应该黏贴的位置。
Working Order 制作顺序
1. Measure and draw out the design.
Accuracy when measuring lengths and angles is very important to create mechanisms which move and fold away cleanly.
测量并绘制设计图。
测量长度和角度时的精度对于创建有规律的移动和折叠的机制非常重要。
2. Score all the fold lines.
Scoring makes for a much sharper and more accurate fold. It is easiest to do this before the individual pieces are cut out.
加深所有的折线。
折痕越清晰越好，在被裁切之前这时最容易做到的一点。
3. Cut out the pop-up pieces.
剪出所有的配件。
4. Having scored and cut out the pop-up piece, fold it along each crease and firmly run your finger nail along each fold. Then fold it back on itself and do the same thing again. The more thoroughly creased and easily folding the better. The fold is the hinge of the mechanism. Creasing it well is like oiling a hinge.
在2&3之后，沿着每个折痕折叠它，并沿着每一个折痕用指甲加深，然后把它复原并再次做一遍同样的事情。折皱越深越容易折叠好，折痕是整个机制的枢纽，好的折痕就像一个铰链，它们紧密相连。
5. Think before you glue. Sometimes flaps become inaccessible as the construction builds up. Where this may be a difficulty the gluing order is explained.
在使用胶水之前仔细思考。有时，随着结构的成形，一些黏贴板块就碰不到了。为了避免产生这种问题，黏贴的顺序是非常重要的。
6. When a mechanism uses several pieces , it is best to close the base and press it firmly after each new piece is glued on. If you leave it until the mechanism is complete, it may develop unwanted creases.
当基座需要黏贴多个板块，最好的做法就是每粘合一个板块后闭合并按压直至牢固，然后再开始黏贴下一个板块。如果在完成整个黏贴之前就中途离开的话，最终可能会产生不必要的折痕。
It is normal to glue all the gluing tabs on each pop-up piece to the base before the base is folded shut. However there is another method which is very effctive.
通常，将所有的黏贴板块都黏上胶水，黏在基座上，然后折叠起来是正常的。但是，还有另一种更加有效的方法。
1. Put glue on the flap and stick it to the base.
将胶水涂在黏贴板块上，并将其粘在基座。
2. Fold the pop-up piece into its closed position then put glue on the other flap.
将黏贴板块折叠到关闭位置，然后将胶水放在另一个黏贴板块上。
3. Close the base, The second flap then finds its natural sticking position.
合上基座，第二个黏贴板块自然就会黏贴在应该黏贴的位置。
Page 10
1. The Simple V-fold 简单的V形折痕
This is one of the most simple pop-up mechanisms, and one of the most useful. In this, its mostbasic form, it can be enhanced by cutting the pop-up planes into exciting shapes.
这是最简单的立体机制之一，也是最有用的之一。在这种最基本的形式上，可以通过将这种立体平面切割成令人兴奋的形状来增强它。
On the base: 在底板上
Angles A must be the same. They must be less than 90°. Try making them about 70°
角度A必须相同，且必须小于90°，试着让他们变成70°左右。
On the pop-up piece: 在立体纸片上
The scored line B is straight. The central crease C is vertical.
Angles D are both 90°
用于黏贴的B线是笔直的，与中心折痕C相垂直。角度D均为90°。
As the base closes the pop-uo piece folds down backwards(away from the viewer). Before gluing check where the pop-uo piece will fold away to. If it is tall it must be positioned near the front of the base to prevent it jutting out when the base is closed.
当底板闭合，立体模块向后折叠（远离观察者）。胶合前检查立体模块将折叠到哪里。如果它较高，它必须定位在底板的前部附近，以防止在底板闭合时凸出。
1. The Simple V-fold 简单的V形折痕
This is one of the most simple pop-up mechanisms, and one of the most useful. In this, its mostbasic form, it can be enhanced by cutting the pop-up planes into exciting shapes.
这是最简单的立体机制之一，也是最有用的之一。在这种最基本的形式上，可以通过将这种立体平面切割成令人兴奋的形状来增强它。
On the base: 在底板上
Angles A must be the same. They must be less than 90°. Try making them about 70°
角度A必须相同，且必须小于90°，试着让他们变成70°左右。
On the pop-up piece: 在立体纸片上
The scored line B is straight. The central crease C is vertical.
Angles D are both 90°
用于黏贴的B线是笔直的，与中心折痕C相垂直。角度D均为90°。
As the base closes the pop-uo piece folds down backwards(away from the viewer). Before gluing check where the pop-uo piece will fold away to. If it is tall it must be positioned near the front of the base to prevent it jutting out when the base is closed.
当底板闭合，立体模块向后折叠（远离观察者）。胶合前检查立体模块将折叠到哪里。如果它较高，它必须定位在底板的前部附近，以防止在底板闭合时凸出。
Page 11
2. Multiple Simple Pop-up Pieces 多个简单的立体卡纸
With several pieces popping-up from the base, the danger is that as the base closes and the pieces fold down their central creases ( A, B, C) will clash.
从底板弹出多个立体卡纸时，危险就在于当闭合底板时，这些卡纸从中心折痕（A,B,C）向下折叠时会互相碰撞。
To avoid this the ccentral crease of a piece should either fold back less than the one behind it (crease A folds back less than B); or they should fold down parallel to each other ( crease B is parallel to C).
为了避免这种情况，一个卡纸的中心折痕应该比其后面的折痕小（折痕A折痕小于B）；或者它们应该平行折叠（折痕B平行于C）
The smaller the angles between the sticking-strips and the spine, the less the piece will leanback as the base closes.
黏贴部分和脊线之间的夹角越小，当底板闭合时，立体卡纸越向后倾斜。
Because angles D are less than angles E , crease A leans back less than crease B. Becase angles E & F are the same, sticking-strips G & H are paraller, this makes central creases B lie parallel to C when the base is closed.
因为角度D小于角度E，折痕A向后倾斜小于折痕B。因为角度E和角度F相同，粘贴部分G和H是平行的，所以当基座关闭时，中心折痕B平行于C。
2. Multiple Simple Pop-up Pieces 多个简单的立体卡纸
With several pieces popping-up from the base, the danger is that as the base closes and the pieces fold down their central creases ( A, B, C) will clash.
从底板弹出多个立体卡纸时，危险就在于当闭合底板时，这些卡纸从中心折痕（A,B,C）向下折叠时会互相碰撞。
To avoid this the ccentral crease of a piece should either fold back less than the one behind it (crease A folds back less than B); or they should fold down parallel to each other ( crease B is parallel to C).
为了避免这种情况，一个卡纸的中心折痕应该比其后面的折痕小（折痕A折痕小于B）；或者它们应该平行折叠（折痕B平行于C）
The smaller the angles between the sticking-strips and the spine, the less the piece will leanback as the base closes.
黏贴部分和脊线之间的夹角越小，当底板闭合时，立体卡纸越向后倾斜。
Because angles D are less than angles E , crease A leans back less than crease B. Becase angles E & F are the same, sticking-strips G & H are paraller, this makes central creases B lie parallel to C when the base is closed.
因为角度D小于角度E，折痕A向后倾斜小于折痕B。因为角度E和角度F相同，粘贴部分G和H是平行的，所以当基座关闭时，中心折痕B平行于C。
Page 13
4. Varying the V-fold Angles 改变V形折叠角
The angle at which the pop-up rises from the base, and the sharpness of its central crease, can be varied by adjusting the angles A and B. Angles A must alwasy be bigger than angles B. Angles B must be less than 90°.
弹出物从底座上升的角度和中心折痕的清晰度可以通过调整角度A和B而改变。角度A必须大于角度B。角度B必须小于90°。
With angles A less than 90°the pop-up piece will always lean back.
Try: A=75°， B= 55°.
当角度A小于90°时，弹出件总是向后倾斜。
试一试：A＝75°，B＝55°。
If A gets more acute, and B stays the same: the pop up will lean back more.
Try: A=65°， B= 55°.
如果A变得更尖锐，而B保持不变：弹出件会向后倾斜更多。
试一试：A＝65°，B＝55°。
If A remains the same, but B is made more acute: the pop up piece will stand more upright and its central crease will become sharper.
Try: A=65°， B= 45°.
如果A保持不变，但B变得更加尖锐：弹出件将站得更直立，其中心折痕将变得更清晰。
试一试：A＝65°，B＝45°。
Angles A can be obtuse, then the pop-up will lift but remain leaning forward.
Try: A=100°， B= 45°.
角度A也可以是钝角，这样弹出件会抬起上升，但仍然向前倾斜。
试一试：A＝100°，B＝45°。
When designing your own pop-ups, the best way to find the shape you want is by experiment. Also,try rotating the base, either viewing it from the other end, or alternatively using the base vertically rather than horizontally.
当你在设计你自己的弹出件时，实验是找到你想要的形状的最佳方法。另外，试着旋转底座，或者从另一端观察它，或者选择垂直使用底座而不是水平使用底座。
To make asymmetrical variations, see Mechanism 31.
如果要做出不对称的变化，请参见机制31。
4. Varying the V-fold Angles 改变V形折叠角
The angle at which the pop-up rises from the base, and the sharpness of its central crease, can be varied by adjusting the angles A and B. Angles A must alwasy be bigger than angles B. Angles B must be less than 90°.
弹出物从底座上升的角度和中心折痕的清晰度可以通过调整角度A和B而改变。角度A必须大于角度B。角度B必须小于90°。
With angles A less than 90°the pop-up piece will always lean back.
Try: A=75°， B= 55°.
当角度A小于90°时，弹出件总是向后倾斜。
试一试：A＝75°，B＝55°。
If A gets more acute, and B stays the same: the pop up will lean back more.
Try: A=65°， B= 55°.
如果A变得更尖锐，而B保持不变：弹出件会向后倾斜更多。
试一试：A＝65°，B＝55°。
If A remains the same, but B is made more acute: the pop up piece will stand more upright and its central crease will become sharper.
Try: A=65°， B= 45°.
如果A保持不变，但B变得更加尖锐：弹出件将站得更直立，其中心折痕将变得更清晰。
试一试：A＝65°，B＝45°。
Angles A can be obtuse, then the pop-up will lift but remain leaning forward.
Try: A=100°， B= 45°.
角度A也可以是钝角，这样弹出件会抬起上升，但仍然向前倾斜。
试一试：A＝100°，B＝45°。
When designing your own pop-ups, the best way to find the shape you want is by experiment. Also,try rotating the base, either viewing it from the other end, or alternatively using the base vertically rather than horizontally.
当你在设计你自己的弹出件时，实验是找到你想要的形状的最佳方法。另外，试着旋转底座，或者从另一端观察它，或者选择垂直使用底座而不是水平使用底座。
To make asymmetrical variations, see Mechanism 31.
如果要做出不对称的变化，请参见机制31。
Page 14
The V-fold with added cuts & creases v形折叠+裁剪和折痕
The simple V-fold can be changed into a range of different pop-up shapes by simply adding two symmetrical creases and a cut.
简单的v形折痕可以通过简单地添加两个对称的折痕和一个切口，变成一系列不同的弹出形状。
The base in all these variations is the same:
Two sticking-strips symmetrically placed either side of the spine.
所有这些变化的基础都是一样的:脊线两侧对称放置两条胶条。
Angles A are the same. 角度A是一样的。
Lengths B are the same, the additional folds are parallel to the central fold.
长度B是相同的，额外的折叠与中心折叠平行。
Angles C are the same. 角度C是一样的。
Angles D are the same, lengths E are the same.角度D相等，长度E相等。
The modifications should be done before the pop-up is stuck to the base.
Make sure that the additional fold lines are very well creased.
如果需要修改，应该在弹出件黏贴在底部之前完成。
并且你需要确保增加的额外折线都有被折叠的很好。
This mechanism is worth experimenting with, interesting pop-up shapes can often be "found" rather than planned.
这种机制是值得尝试的，比起计划来，有趣的弹出形状经常可以不经意的被“发现”。
The V-fold with added cuts & creases v形折叠+裁剪和折痕
The simple V-fold can be changed into a range of different pop-up shapes by simply adding two symmetrical creases and a cut.
简单的v形折痕可以通过简单地添加两个对称的折痕和一个切口，变成一系列不同的弹出形状。
The base in all these variations is the same:
Two sticking-strips symmetrically placed either side of the spine.
所有这些变化的基础都是一样的:脊线两侧对称放置两条胶条。
Angles A are the same. 角度A是一样的。
Lengths B are the same, the additional folds are parallel to the central fold.
长度B是相同的，额外的折叠与中心折叠平行。
Angles C are the same. 角度C是一样的。
Angles D are the same, lengths E are the same.角度D相等，长度E相等。
The modifications should be done before the pop-up is stuck to the base.
Make sure that the additional fold lines are very well creased.
如果需要修改，应该在弹出件黏贴在底部之前完成。
并且你需要确保增加的额外折线都有被折叠的很好。
This mechanism is worth experimenting with, interesting pop-up shapes can often be "found" rather than planned.
这种机制是值得尝试的，比起计划来，有趣的弹出形状经常可以不经意的被“发现”。
