背景：
磷是植物生长中的必要元素。无机磷化肥在农业生产过程中大量施用，污染环境的同事，无机磷的储量也并不能支撑这样的消耗。植酸是一种磷来源，但植物并不能很好的利用植酸，相对的，很多微生物通过植酸酶能够利用植酸获取足够的磷元素。另外，植酸也是一种普遍抗营养因子，在饲料中往往需要添加植酸酶来降解植酸，便于牲畜吸收。
结果：
俄罗斯科学家将来源于细菌的植酸酶相关基因导入模式植物--拟南芥中。在植物中成功的表达这些基因，使植物产生该种植酸酶。这些转基因植物有的能够在缺磷环境中较好的生长，有的使植物本身植酸含量降低，更适于作为饲料。他们认为这种转基因植物可能可以缓解磷缺乏危机，使作物在少施磷肥的环境下更好的生长，同时也缓解了磷肥大量使用造成的环境污染。
原文：
http://kpfu.ru/eng/news-eng/a-new-way-to-help-plants-utilize-hardly-159155.html
It was estimated that phosphorus stocks in nature will last for the upcoming 60 years, but the researchers of Kazan University looking for ways to prevent the catastrophe.
The current dilemma of inorganic phosphorus depletion and pollution caused by excess phytate levels in the soil poses a long-term risk for sustainable agriculture.
“Phytases are enzymes that hydrolyze phytate and release phosphates. Plants have endogenous phytases in seeds but their activity in other plant tissues is very low. In contrast to many higher eukaryotes, microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) can scavenge phosphorus from phytate because they produce a variety of phytases with very different modes of action and specificity”,shares Lia Valeeva.
Along with her peer Nyamsuren Chuluuntsetseg and supervised by Prof. Margarita Sharipova ofthe Department of Microbiology and Eugene V. Shakirov of the UT Austin they conducted a unique bioengineering experiment: phytase gene of Pantoea agglomerans (Gram-negative and known to be an opportunistic pathogen) was transplanted to Arabidopsis thaliana weed in order to increase the plant's ability to break down highly stable and insoluble phosphorus compounds.
The sequence of Pantoea sp. paPhyC gene was codon-optimized for expression in A. Thaliana. All wild-type (WT) and transgenic plants were grown in controlled-environment conditions (16 h light period/ 8 h dark period) at 22º C and 60% humidity. Before planting, soil was sterilized by autoclaving and all plants were watered every 2-3 days with distilled water.
The transgenic plants express phytase at both the transcription and translation levels and can serve as a model for better understanding of the effects of bacterial phytase expression in plant tissues on plant metabolism, growth and development. While some microbial phytases can be used to engineer plants that are able to grow on phosphate-depleted medium, others can be used to engineer low-phytate plants better suitable for animal feed and less likely to contribute to increased environmental pollution.
Obtained results indicate that bacterial enzymes in plants can be an efficient way to potentially increase crop performance in conditions of inorganic phosphorus deficiency in the soil.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The research was performed with the support of the Russian Government Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University
Подробности:http://kpfu.ru/eng/news-eng/a-new-way-to-help-plants-utilize-hardly-159155.html
Любое использование материалов допускается только при наличии гиперссылки на портал КФУ (kpfu.ru)
磷是植物生长中的必要元素。无机磷化肥在农业生产过程中大量施用，污染环境的同事，无机磷的储量也并不能支撑这样的消耗。植酸是一种磷来源，但植物并不能很好的利用植酸，相对的，很多微生物通过植酸酶能够利用植酸获取足够的磷元素。另外，植酸也是一种普遍抗营养因子，在饲料中往往需要添加植酸酶来降解植酸，便于牲畜吸收。
结果：
俄罗斯科学家将来源于细菌的植酸酶相关基因导入模式植物--拟南芥中。在植物中成功的表达这些基因，使植物产生该种植酸酶。这些转基因植物有的能够在缺磷环境中较好的生长，有的使植物本身植酸含量降低，更适于作为饲料。他们认为这种转基因植物可能可以缓解磷缺乏危机，使作物在少施磷肥的环境下更好的生长，同时也缓解了磷肥大量使用造成的环境污染。
原文：
http://kpfu.ru/eng/news-eng/a-new-way-to-help-plants-utilize-hardly-159155.html
It was estimated that phosphorus stocks in nature will last for the upcoming 60 years, but the researchers of Kazan University looking for ways to prevent the catastrophe.
The current dilemma of inorganic phosphorus depletion and pollution caused by excess phytate levels in the soil poses a long-term risk for sustainable agriculture.
“Phytases are enzymes that hydrolyze phytate and release phosphates. Plants have endogenous phytases in seeds but their activity in other plant tissues is very low. In contrast to many higher eukaryotes, microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) can scavenge phosphorus from phytate because they produce a variety of phytases with very different modes of action and specificity”,shares Lia Valeeva.
Along with her peer Nyamsuren Chuluuntsetseg and supervised by Prof. Margarita Sharipova ofthe Department of Microbiology and Eugene V. Shakirov of the UT Austin they conducted a unique bioengineering experiment: phytase gene of Pantoea agglomerans (Gram-negative and known to be an opportunistic pathogen) was transplanted to Arabidopsis thaliana weed in order to increase the plant's ability to break down highly stable and insoluble phosphorus compounds.
The sequence of Pantoea sp. paPhyC gene was codon-optimized for expression in A. Thaliana. All wild-type (WT) and transgenic plants were grown in controlled-environment conditions (16 h light period/ 8 h dark period) at 22º C and 60% humidity. Before planting, soil was sterilized by autoclaving and all plants were watered every 2-3 days with distilled water.
The transgenic plants express phytase at both the transcription and translation levels and can serve as a model for better understanding of the effects of bacterial phytase expression in plant tissues on plant metabolism, growth and development. While some microbial phytases can be used to engineer plants that are able to grow on phosphate-depleted medium, others can be used to engineer low-phytate plants better suitable for animal feed and less likely to contribute to increased environmental pollution.
Obtained results indicate that bacterial enzymes in plants can be an efficient way to potentially increase crop performance in conditions of inorganic phosphorus deficiency in the soil.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The research was performed with the support of the Russian Government Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University
Подробности:http://kpfu.ru/eng/news-eng/a-new-way-to-help-plants-utilize-hardly-159155.html
Любое использование материалов допускается только при наличии гиперссылки на портал КФУ (kpfu.ru)
