名词性从句复习
一、概念： 在句子中起名词作用的句子，可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
She always thinks of how she can work well.
The fact is that we have lost the game.
The fact that we had lost the gamemade us heartbroken.
二、连接词的选择: ①判断从句类型 ②.分析从句的句子成分, “ 缺什么补什么” ③看主句是否有疑问含义
1. that:不充当任何成分, 无任何含义, 只起连接作用
That you don*t like him is none of my business.
that的省略 及物动词以及be adj. 后面的第一个宾语从句中的that可省
1. They realized (that)it was important to try harder.
2. He told me (that) hisfather had passed away and that he had to make a living alone.
3. They are happy (that)their son has been admitted into a key university.
2. whether / if : 不充当任何成分, 意为“是否”
whether 和 if 的区别 及物动词以及be adj. 后面的宾语从句中可用if，且不与or not 以及to do 连用
1. Whether she will come makes no difference to me.
2. The question is whetherit’s worth trying.
3. The doctor could hardly answer the question whether the old man would recover.
4. It depends on whetherit will rain tomorrow.
5. He didn’t know whether togive up his dream.
6. I don’t care whether ornot he comes.
7. I want to know whether /if she has a bike (or not).
8. I am not sure whether /if he will come.
3. 特殊疑问词：充当成分, 有原来疑问词的含义
what who whom
which whose
when where why how
1. I don’t know whatI should do with the matter.
2. I don’t know howI should deal with the matter.
3. Who will win at last has not known yet.
4. Has he decided which universityhe will apply for, Yale or Harford?
5. Can you tell me whatcolor you like most?
6. Anybody knows whose coatit is?
7. Do you know who / whomhe will marry?
8. I am wondering why you’realways late for class.
9. I’m not sure wherethe meeting will be held or when it willbegin.
无疑问含义的特殊情况：
what表示所…东西，样子，地方，时间等。用What的句子符合条件：主句和从句都缺主语、宾语或表语
where______________when _____________ why ______________ how_____________
1. What you have done is of great help to us.
2. What we can*t get seems better than what we have.
3. She is no longer whatshe used to be
4. What has made Fred whathe is now?
5. He arrived in whatwe call theUnited States.
6. Our income is now double whatit was ten years ago.
7. The young girl stood there for what seemed like hours.
8. That distant village is whereI was born and brought up.
9. This is where weare different.
10. The bestmoment was when he scored the winninggoal.
11. That washow he improved his English.
12. He wasill. That was why he was absent fromschool.
13. He wasabsent from school. That was because hewas ill.
14. The reason why hewas absent from school was that he wasill.
15. You can’timagine what great difficulty we have hadfinding your house.
16. You can’timagine how difficult it is to find yourhouse.
4. whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever; whenever, wherever, however:
充当成分, 无疑问含义，意为“无论 / 任何…”
区别wh-与wh-ever
1. I don’t know whatwe can do to help them
2. I will do what/ whateverI can to help them.
3. Who has stolen the money is not known yet.
4. The boss was determined to punish whoever has stolen the money.
5. Give the book to whoever/ whomever you meet in the office.
6. Give the book to whoever isin the office.
区别wh-ever和no matter wh-:
1. No matter what / whatever I said, he didn’tlisten to me.
2. I wouldn’t believe whateverhe said.
三、注意点
1. 名词性从句中用陈述句语序
1.Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________.
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
2. Mumis coming. What present________ for your birthday?
A．youexpect she has got B．youexpect has she got
C．do you expect she has got D．do you expect hasshe got
2. it 作形式主语和形式宾语___________________________________
1. Itnever occurred to me ________you could succeed in persuading him to change hismind.
A．which B．what C．that D．if
2. I like _______in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
3. ______ is ourbelief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger economy.
A. As B. That C. This D. It
4. Iwill see to _________ that everything is ready in time .
A. / B. that C. it D. what
3.名词性从句和定语从句的区别
1. All that can be done has been done.
What can be done hasbeen done.
2.Whoever breaks the law must be punished,
Anyone who breaks the law must be punished.
3. Amodern city has been set up in what was awasteland ten years ago.
A modern city hasbeen set up in the place which was awasteland ten years ago.
4. Thatthe earth goes around the sun is knownto us all.
It is known to all that the earth goes around the sun.
What is known to all is that the earth goes around the sun.
The earth goesaround the sun, as is known to all,
As is known to all,the earth goes around the sun.
The earth, as is known to all, goes around the sun.
5. The news that she had passed the exam madeher parents very happy.
The news (that / which) he told us interested all of us.
同位语从句: 解释说明前面名词的具体内容，名词与该同位语从句有逻辑上的主表关系. 例如上面第一句话中的从句可以改为The news was _______ she had passed the exam.
同位语从句钱的名词通常为：news， idea , fact, hope , thought, belief , message , possibility ,doubt, story， promise，suggestion，question等。翻译为： “… 这一消息/ 想法…”
定语从句：修饰限定前面的名词, 翻译为“…的”
1. I’d like to do a job where Iam able to show my talent.
3. Theythink dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.
4.Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyondourselves.
一、概念： 在句子中起名词作用的句子，可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
She always thinks of how she can work well.
The fact is that we have lost the game.
The fact that we had lost the gamemade us heartbroken.
二、连接词的选择: ①判断从句类型 ②.分析从句的句子成分, “ 缺什么补什么” ③看主句是否有疑问含义
1. that:不充当任何成分, 无任何含义, 只起连接作用
That you don*t like him is none of my business.
that的省略 及物动词以及be adj. 后面的第一个宾语从句中的that可省
1. They realized (that)it was important to try harder.
2. He told me (that) hisfather had passed away and that he had to make a living alone.
3. They are happy (that)their son has been admitted into a key university.
2. whether / if : 不充当任何成分, 意为“是否”
whether 和 if 的区别 及物动词以及be adj. 后面的宾语从句中可用if，且不与or not 以及to do 连用
1. Whether she will come makes no difference to me.
2. The question is whetherit’s worth trying.
3. The doctor could hardly answer the question whether the old man would recover.
4. It depends on whetherit will rain tomorrow.
5. He didn’t know whether togive up his dream.
6. I don’t care whether ornot he comes.
7. I want to know whether /if she has a bike (or not).
8. I am not sure whether /if he will come.
3. 特殊疑问词：充当成分, 有原来疑问词的含义
what who whom
which whose
when where why how
1. I don’t know whatI should do with the matter.
2. I don’t know howI should deal with the matter.
3. Who will win at last has not known yet.
4. Has he decided which universityhe will apply for, Yale or Harford?
5. Can you tell me whatcolor you like most?
6. Anybody knows whose coatit is?
7. Do you know who / whomhe will marry?
8. I am wondering why you’realways late for class.
9. I’m not sure wherethe meeting will be held or when it willbegin.
无疑问含义的特殊情况：
what表示所…东西，样子，地方，时间等。用What的句子符合条件：主句和从句都缺主语、宾语或表语
where______________when _____________ why ______________ how_____________
1. What you have done is of great help to us.
2. What we can*t get seems better than what we have.
3. She is no longer whatshe used to be
4. What has made Fred whathe is now?
5. He arrived in whatwe call theUnited States.
6. Our income is now double whatit was ten years ago.
7. The young girl stood there for what seemed like hours.
8. That distant village is whereI was born and brought up.
9. This is where weare different.
10. The bestmoment was when he scored the winninggoal.
11. That washow he improved his English.
12. He wasill. That was why he was absent fromschool.
13. He wasabsent from school. That was because hewas ill.
14. The reason why hewas absent from school was that he wasill.
15. You can’timagine what great difficulty we have hadfinding your house.
16. You can’timagine how difficult it is to find yourhouse.
4. whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever; whenever, wherever, however:
充当成分, 无疑问含义，意为“无论 / 任何…”
区别wh-与wh-ever
1. I don’t know whatwe can do to help them
2. I will do what/ whateverI can to help them.
3. Who has stolen the money is not known yet.
4. The boss was determined to punish whoever has stolen the money.
5. Give the book to whoever/ whomever you meet in the office.
6. Give the book to whoever isin the office.
区别wh-ever和no matter wh-:
1. No matter what / whatever I said, he didn’tlisten to me.
2. I wouldn’t believe whateverhe said.
三、注意点
1. 名词性从句中用陈述句语序
1.Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________.
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
2. Mumis coming. What present________ for your birthday?
A．youexpect she has got B．youexpect has she got
C．do you expect she has got D．do you expect hasshe got
2. it 作形式主语和形式宾语___________________________________
1. Itnever occurred to me ________you could succeed in persuading him to change hismind.
A．which B．what C．that D．if
2. I like _______in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
3. ______ is ourbelief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger economy.
A. As B. That C. This D. It
4. Iwill see to _________ that everything is ready in time .
A. / B. that C. it D. what
3.名词性从句和定语从句的区别
1. All that can be done has been done.
What can be done hasbeen done.
2.Whoever breaks the law must be punished,
Anyone who breaks the law must be punished.
3. Amodern city has been set up in what was awasteland ten years ago.
A modern city hasbeen set up in the place which was awasteland ten years ago.
4. Thatthe earth goes around the sun is knownto us all.
It is known to all that the earth goes around the sun.
What is known to all is that the earth goes around the sun.
The earth goesaround the sun, as is known to all,
As is known to all,the earth goes around the sun.
The earth, as is known to all, goes around the sun.
5. The news that she had passed the exam madeher parents very happy.
The news (that / which) he told us interested all of us.
同位语从句: 解释说明前面名词的具体内容，名词与该同位语从句有逻辑上的主表关系. 例如上面第一句话中的从句可以改为The news was _______ she had passed the exam.
同位语从句钱的名词通常为：news， idea , fact, hope , thought, belief , message , possibility ,doubt, story， promise，suggestion，question等。翻译为： “… 这一消息/ 想法…”
定语从句：修饰限定前面的名词, 翻译为“…的”
1. I’d like to do a job where Iam able to show my talent.
3. Theythink dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.
4.Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyondourselves.
