
15.(1)物体上表面刚好到达水面时,钢缆所做的功W=P1t=2000W×60s=1.2×105J;
(2)物体距离海面的深度h=Vt=0.5m/s×60s=30m;
开始打捞时物体上表面受到水的压强P=ρgh=10 3kg/m 3×10N/kg×30m=3×10 5Pa;
(3)全部没入水中时,钢缆的拉力为:F= P1/V = 2000W/0.5m/s =4000N;
物体全部出水后,钢缆的拉力,即物体的重力为:G= P2/V = 3000W/0.5m/s =6000N;
物体的体积为:V物= G-F/ρg = 6000N-4000N/1000kg/m3×10N/kg =0.2m3;
物体的密度为:ρ物= G/gV物 = 6000N/10N/kg×0.2m3 =3×103kg/m3.