经常在高速公路上看到，三条道依次被称为“超车道”，“行车道”和“硬路肩”。那么这个最右侧的“硬路肩”是什么意思呢？
路肩指公路两侧由路面边缘到路基边缘的部分（包括土路肩和硬路肩）。作用：与行车道连接在一起，作为路面的横向支承，可供紧急情况下停车或堆放养路材料使用，并为设置安全护栏提供侧向净空，还起到行车安全感作用。注意点：必须具有足够的稳定性和一定的横坡，以排除行车道路面的积水。还有一个作用是用作路基的护坡,防止路基塌陷。
路基是指路面以下的天然地层或是填筑起来的压实土层。特点：路基是一种线型构造物，路线长，同大自然接触面广。作用：支承路面及承受通过路面传下来的行车荷载。形式：路堤、路堑、半填半挖和不挖不填。
路肩, 英文叫SHOULDER, 一般指的是高速公路两边的比正常的行车道略窄的通道. 就象人的肩膀一样. 国外的高速公路一般两边都有, 较老的道路有时只有一边才有SHOULDER(肩)或没有路肩.
路肩在正常情况下是不准行车的, 只是在紧急情况下可以通行或停车, 一般在发生事故时让警车,救护车,拖车,通行或暂时停事故车. 其他车辆在警察指挥下才可以通行.所以路肩叫紧急停车带或紧急行车道都没错.
路肩有两种, 在英语中, 跟正常行车道一样铺过路面的(可以是沥青或水泥), 叫 HARD SHOULDER, 翻译成中文, 就叫硬路肩. 而SOFT SHOULDER (软路肩)是指没有铺过路面的(一般是指砂石路面的)路肩.
感兴趣的可以顺便学学以下的英语:
A hard shoulder or simply shoulder is a reserved area alongside the verge of a road or motorway. Generally it is kept clear of all traffic. In the event of an emergency or breakdown, a motorist can pull into the hard shoulder to get out of the flow of traffic and obtain an element of safety. A hard shoulder also allows some extra flexibility should a motorist need to take evasive action, as it is a buffer area between the main thoroughfare and the edge of the road. Emergency vehicles such as ambulances and police cars may also use the shoulder to bypass traffic congestion. These uses lead to the alternate names breakdown lane and emergency lane.
The shoulder is usually slightly narrower than a full traffic lane. In some cases, particularly on old rural roadways, shoulders do not exist or are made of gravel rather than hard asphalt or concrete. These are known as soft shoulders in comparison. Because the road surface changes at that point, they are less safe if they need to be used for emergency maneuvers, so modern practice is to build a hard shoulder whenever possible. To save money, the hard shoulder is sometimes not paved to the same thickness as the through lanes, so if vehicles were to attempt to use it as a through lane regularly, it would rapidly deteriorate. The shoulder also often collects various bits of debris that can make driving there unsafe.
http://hi.baidu.com/kgdxk/blog/item/b22a8bd428206201a18bb7f3.html
路肩指公路两侧由路面边缘到路基边缘的部分（包括土路肩和硬路肩）。作用：与行车道连接在一起，作为路面的横向支承，可供紧急情况下停车或堆放养路材料使用，并为设置安全护栏提供侧向净空，还起到行车安全感作用。注意点：必须具有足够的稳定性和一定的横坡，以排除行车道路面的积水。还有一个作用是用作路基的护坡,防止路基塌陷。
路基是指路面以下的天然地层或是填筑起来的压实土层。特点：路基是一种线型构造物，路线长，同大自然接触面广。作用：支承路面及承受通过路面传下来的行车荷载。形式：路堤、路堑、半填半挖和不挖不填。
路肩, 英文叫SHOULDER, 一般指的是高速公路两边的比正常的行车道略窄的通道. 就象人的肩膀一样. 国外的高速公路一般两边都有, 较老的道路有时只有一边才有SHOULDER(肩)或没有路肩.
路肩在正常情况下是不准行车的, 只是在紧急情况下可以通行或停车, 一般在发生事故时让警车,救护车,拖车,通行或暂时停事故车. 其他车辆在警察指挥下才可以通行.所以路肩叫紧急停车带或紧急行车道都没错.
路肩有两种, 在英语中, 跟正常行车道一样铺过路面的(可以是沥青或水泥), 叫 HARD SHOULDER, 翻译成中文, 就叫硬路肩. 而SOFT SHOULDER (软路肩)是指没有铺过路面的(一般是指砂石路面的)路肩.
感兴趣的可以顺便学学以下的英语:
A hard shoulder or simply shoulder is a reserved area alongside the verge of a road or motorway. Generally it is kept clear of all traffic. In the event of an emergency or breakdown, a motorist can pull into the hard shoulder to get out of the flow of traffic and obtain an element of safety. A hard shoulder also allows some extra flexibility should a motorist need to take evasive action, as it is a buffer area between the main thoroughfare and the edge of the road. Emergency vehicles such as ambulances and police cars may also use the shoulder to bypass traffic congestion. These uses lead to the alternate names breakdown lane and emergency lane.
The shoulder is usually slightly narrower than a full traffic lane. In some cases, particularly on old rural roadways, shoulders do not exist or are made of gravel rather than hard asphalt or concrete. These are known as soft shoulders in comparison. Because the road surface changes at that point, they are less safe if they need to be used for emergency maneuvers, so modern practice is to build a hard shoulder whenever possible. To save money, the hard shoulder is sometimes not paved to the same thickness as the through lanes, so if vehicles were to attempt to use it as a through lane regularly, it would rapidly deteriorate. The shoulder also often collects various bits of debris that can make driving there unsafe.
http://hi.baidu.com/kgdxk/blog/item/b22a8bd428206201a18bb7f3.html
