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【前辈大师】阿西莫夫(Isaac Asimov,1920-1992)

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Isaac Asimov (born Isaak Yudovich Ozimov, Russian; c. January 2, 1920 – April 6, 1992)
was an American author and professor of biochemistry at Boston University, best known for his works of
science fiction and for his popular science books. Asimov was one of the most prolific writers of all time,
having written or edited more than 500 books and an estimated 90,000 letters and postcards.
His works have been published in all ten major categories of the Dewey Decimal System (although his only work in the
100s—which covers philosophy and psychology—was a foreword for The Humanist Way). Asimov is widely considered
a master of hard science fiction and, along with Robert A. Heinlein and Arthur C. Clarke, he was considered
one of the "Big Three" science fiction writers during his lifetime. Asimov's most famous work is the Foundation Series;
his other major series are the Galactic Empire series and the Robot series, both of which he later tied into
the same fictional universe as the Foundation Series to create a unified "future history" for his stories
much like those pioneered by Robert A. Heinlein and previously produced by Cordwainer Smith and Poul Anderson.
He wrote many short stories, among them "Nightfall", which in 1964 was voted by the Science Fiction Writers of
America the best short science fiction story of all time. Asimov wrote the Lucky Starr series of juvenile science-fiction
novels using the pen name Paul French. The prolific Asimov also wrote mysteries and fantasy, as well as much non-fiction.
Most of his popular science books explain scientific concepts in a historical way, going as far back as possible to
a time when the science in question was at its simplest stage. He often provides nationalities, birth dates,
and death dates for the scientists he mentions, as well as etymologies and pronunciation guides for technical terms.
Examples include Guide to Science, the three volume set Understanding Physics, Asimov's Chronology of Science and Discovery,
as well as works on astronomy, mathematics, the Bible, William Shakespeare's writing and chemistry. Asimov was a
long-time member and Vice President of Mensa International, albeit reluctantly; he described some members of that
organization as "brain-proud and aggressive about their IQs." He took more joy in being president of the American
Humanist Association. The asteroid 5020 Asimov, a crater on the planet Mars, a Brooklyn, New York elementary school,
and one Isaac Asimov literary award are named in his honor.


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Asimov was born sometime between October 4, 1919 and January 2, 1920 in Petrovichi in the Russian Soviet
Federative Socialist Republic (near the modern border with Belarus) to Anna Rachel Berman Asimov and Judah Asimov,
a family of Jewish millers. While his exact date of birth is uncertain, Asimov himself celebrated it on
January 2. The family name derives from озимые (ozimiye), a Russian word for winter grains in which his
great-grandfather dealt, to which a patronymic suffix was added. His name in Russian was originally Isaak Ozimov;
but he was later known in Russia as Ayzyek Azimov, a Russian Cyrillic adaptation of the American English
pronunciation. Asimov had two younger siblings; a sister, Marcia (born Manya, June 17, 1922-April 2, 2011),
and a brother, Stanley (July 25, 1929-August 16, 1995). His family emigrated to the United States when
he was three years old. Since his parents always spoke Yiddish and English with him, he never learned Russian.
Growing up in Brooklyn, New York City, Asimov taught himself to read at the age of five and remained fluent
in Yiddish as well as English. Asimov wrote of his father, "My father, for all his education as an Orthodox Jew,
was not Orthodox in his heart", and "he didn't recite the myriad prayers prescribed for every action,
and he never made any attempt to teach them to me." His parents owned a succession of candy stores,
and everyone in the family was expected to work in them.


2025-05-13 00:59:34
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